Comparison of Programming Languages

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<sup>1</sup> Normally Javascript in Unity uses type inference to statically type all variables when possible, in cases where the type is not explicitly stated. Dynamic typing can be forced if desired, and, in certain circumstances, dynamic typing is used unless forced otherwise.  Use of the "#pragma strict" directive disables all dynamic typing.
 
<sup>1</sup> Normally Javascript in Unity uses type inference to statically type all variables when possible, in cases where the type is not explicitly stated. Dynamic typing can be forced if desired, and, in certain circumstances, dynamic typing is used unless forced otherwise.  Use of the "#pragma strict" directive disables all dynamic typing.
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== Type Identifiers ==
 
== Type Identifiers ==
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{{keypress|tab}} «'''item<sub>2</sub>'''<br/>
 
{{keypress|tab}} «'''item<sub>2</sub>'''<br/>
 
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{{keypress|tab}} …»<br/>
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! {{wikitable-th}} UnityScript/[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JavaScript JavaScript]
 
! {{wikitable-th}} UnityScript/[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JavaScript JavaScript]
 
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=== Conditional Statements ===
 
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! {{wikitable-th}} UnityScript/[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JavaScript JavaScript]
 
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! {{wikitable-th}} [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switch_statement select case]
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! {{wikitable-th}} [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conditional_(programming)#If_expressions conditional expression]
 
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! {{wikitable-th}} UnityScript/[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JavaScript JavaScript]
 
! {{wikitable-th}} UnityScript/[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JavaScript JavaScript]
 
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! {{wikitable-th}} [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Do_while_loop do while]
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! {{wikitable-th}} [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/For_loop for i = first to last]
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! {{wikitable-th}} [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreach foreach]
 
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! {{wikitable-th}} UnityScript/[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JavaScript JavaScript]
 
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! {{wikitable-th}} UnityScript/[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JavaScript JavaScript]
 
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Revision as of 06:01, 15 August 2009


This is a comparison of the features and instructions of the three high-level programming languages offered by Unity: JavaScript, C#, and Boo.


Contents

Conventions of This Article

The bold is the literal code. The non-bold is interpreted by the reader. Statements in guillemets (« … ») are optional. tab indicates a necessary indent.

The following tables compare code differences of the Unity programming languages. See also the Comparison of Programming Languages for general information.


Features

The following tables compares major features of the Unity programming languages.

Language Boo C# UnityScript/JavaScript
Paradigm(s)
Standardized Variation? Yes Yes, ECMA, ISO ECMA-334; ISO/IEC 23270:2006 No
Type Strength strong strong strong1
Type Safety safe safe safe
Expression of Types implicit with optional explicit typing explicit implicit with optional explicit typing
Compatibility Among Composite Types name-based
Type Checking static with optional dynamic typing static with optional dynamic typing static with optional dynamic typing

1 Normally Javascript in Unity uses type inference to statically type all variables when possible, in cases where the type is not explicitly stated. Dynamic typing can be forced if desired, and, in certain circumstances, dynamic typing is used unless forced otherwise. Use of the "#pragma strict" directive disables all dynamic typing.


Type Identifiers

Integer

Language Boo C# UnityScript/JavaScript
8 bit (byte) Signed sbyte sbyte
8 bit (byte) Unsigned byte byte byte
16 bit (short integer) Signed short short short
16 bit (short integer) Unsigned ushort ushort
32 bit Signed int int int
32 bit Unsigned uint uint
64 bit (long integer) Signed long long long
64 bit long integer) Unsigned ulong ulong

Floating Point

Language Boo C# UnityScript/JavaScript
Single Precision single float float
Double Precision double double double
Arbitrarily Precise (bignum) decimal


Other Types

Language Boo C# UnityScript/JavaScript
Text Character N/A char char
Text String string string String
Boolean) bool bool boolean
Object/Universal) object object Object


Derived Types

Array

Language Boo C# UnityScript/JavaScript
one-dimensional fixed size array (type) type[size] type[size]
multi-dimensional fixed size array type[size1, size2,...] type[size1, size2,...]
(note: currently these types of arrays can be created implicitly and used, but cannot be created explicitly)
one-dimensional dynamic size array List System.Collections.ArrayList
or
System.Collections.Generic.List<type> 		Array
or
System.Collections.ArrayList
multi-dimensional dynamic size array


Other Types

Language Boo C# UnityScript/JavaScript
Record Simple Composite Types struct name {type name;...}
Enumeration Simple Composite Types

enum condition:
tab item1
tab «item2
tab …»

Basic Unity-Specific Types

Language Boo C# UnityScript/JavaScript


Declarations

Language Boo C# UnityScript/JavaScript
variable
constant
type synonym


Flow of Control

Conditional Statements

Language Boo C# UnityScript/JavaScript
if
else if
select case
conditional expression


Loop Statements

Language Boo C# UnityScript/JavaScript
while
do while
for i = first to last
foreach


Exceptions

Language Boo C# UnityScript/JavaScript
throw
handler
assertion


Other Flow of Control Statements

Language Boo C# UnityScript/JavaScript
exit block(break)
continue
label
branch (goto)
return value from generator


Functions

Language Boo C# UnityScript/JavaScript
calling a function
basic/void function
value-returning function


Type Conversions

Language Boo C# UnityScript/JavaScript
basic type to basic type
string to basic type
basic type to string
complex type to string
complex type to complex type


Programming Index

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